.NET Core 2.0如何生成图片验证码完整实例
(编辑：jimmy 日期: 2024/11/16 浏览：3 次 )
前言
图片验证码在我们日常开发中是必不可少会遇见的一个功能，最近工作中就遇到了这个需求，所以下面将实现的方法分享给大家，话不多说了，来一起看看详细的介绍吧。
.NET Core 2.0生成图片验证码
NuGet包引入：ZKWeb.System.Drawing，如下所示：
代码实例如下：VerifyCodeHelper
using System;
using System.DrawingCore;
using System.DrawingCore.Drawing2D;
using System.DrawingCore.Imaging;
using System.IO;
namespace Common.Helper
{
public sealed class VerifyCodeHelper
{
#region 单例模式
//创建私有化静态obj锁
private static readonly object _ObjLock = new object();
//创建私有静态字段，接收类的实例化对象
private static VerifyCodeHelper _VerifyCodeHelper = null;
//构造函数私有化
private VerifyCodeHelper() { }
//创建单利对象资源并返回
public static VerifyCodeHelper GetSingleObj()
{
if (_VerifyCodeHelper == null)
{
lock (_ObjLock)
{
if (_VerifyCodeHelper == null)
_VerifyCodeHelper = new VerifyCodeHelper();
}
}
return _VerifyCodeHelper;
}
#endregion
#region 生产验证码
public enum VerifyCodeType { NumberVerifyCode, AbcVerifyCode, MixVerifyCode };
/// <summary>
/// 1.数字验证码
/// </summary>
/// <param name="length"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private string CreateNumberVerifyCode(int length)
{
int[] randMembers = new int[length];
int[] validateNums = new int[length];
string validateNumberStr = "";
//生成起始序列值
int seekSeek = unchecked((int)DateTime.Now.Ticks);
Random seekRand = new Random(seekSeek);
int beginSeek = seekRand.Next(0, Int32.MaxValue - length * 10000);
int[] seeks = new int[length];
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
{
beginSeek += 10000;
seeks[i] = beginSeek;
}
//生成随机数字
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
{
Random rand = new Random(seeks[i]);
int pownum = 1 * (int)Math.Pow(10, length);
randMembers[i] = rand.Next(pownum, Int32.MaxValue);
}
//抽取随机数字
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
{
string numStr = randMembers[i].ToString();
int numLength = numStr.Length;
Random rand = new Random();
int numPosition = rand.Next(0, numLength - 1);
validateNums[i] = Int32.Parse(numStr.Substring(numPosition, 1));
}
//生成验证码
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
{
validateNumberStr += validateNums[i].ToString();
}
return validateNumberStr;
}
/// <summary>
/// 2.字母验证码
/// </summary>
/// <param name="length">字符长度</param>
/// <returns>验证码字符</returns>
private string CreateAbcVerifyCode(int length)
{
char[] verification = new char[length];
char[] dictionary = { 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z',
'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z'
};
Random random = new Random();
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
{
verification[i] = dictionary[random.Next(dictionary.Length - 1)];
}
return new string(verification);
}
/// <summary>
/// 3.混合验证码
/// </summary>
/// <param name="length">字符长度</param>
/// <returns>验证码字符</returns>
private string CreateMixVerifyCode(int length)
{
char[] verification = new char[length];
char[] dictionary = { 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z',
'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9',
'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z'
};
Random random = new Random();
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
{
verification[i] = dictionary[random.Next(dictionary.Length - 1)];
}
return new string(verification);
}
/// <summary>
/// 产生验证码（随机产生4-6位）
/// </summary>
/// <param name="type">验证码类型：数字，字符，符合</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string CreateVerifyCode(VerifyCodeType type)
{
string verifyCode = string.Empty;
Random random = new Random();
int length = random.Next(4, 6);
switch (type)
{
case VerifyCodeType.NumberVerifyCode:
verifyCode = GetSingleObj().CreateNumberVerifyCode(length);
break;
case VerifyCodeType.AbcVerifyCode:
verifyCode = GetSingleObj().CreateAbcVerifyCode(length);
break;
case VerifyCodeType.MixVerifyCode:
verifyCode = GetSingleObj().CreateMixVerifyCode(length);
break;
}
return verifyCode;
}
#endregion
#region 验证码图片
/// <summary>
/// 验证码图片 => Bitmap
/// </summary>
/// <param name="verifyCode">验证码</param>
/// <param name="width">宽</param>
/// <param name="height">高</param>
/// <returns>Bitmap</returns>
public Bitmap CreateBitmapByImgVerifyCode(string verifyCode, int width, int height)
{
Font font = new Font("Arial", 14, (FontStyle.Bold | FontStyle.Italic));
Brush brush;
Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(width, height);
Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bitmap);
SizeF totalSizeF = g.MeasureString(verifyCode, font);
SizeF curCharSizeF;
PointF startPointF = new PointF(0, (height - totalSizeF.Height) / 2);
Random random = new Random(); //随机数产生器
g.Clear(Color.White); //清空图片背景色
for (int i = 0; i < verifyCode.Length; i++)
{
brush = new LinearGradientBrush(new Point(0, 0), new Point(1, 1), Color.FromArgb(random.Next(255), random.Next(255), random.Next(255)), Color.FromArgb(random.Next(255), random.Next(255), random.Next(255)));
g.DrawString(verifyCode[i].ToString(), font, brush, startPointF);
curCharSizeF = g.MeasureString(verifyCode[i].ToString(), font);
startPointF.X += curCharSizeF.Width;
}
//画图片的干扰线
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
int x1 = random.Next(bitmap.Width);
int x2 = random.Next(bitmap.Width);
int y1 = random.Next(bitmap.Height);
int y2 = random.Next(bitmap.Height);
g.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Silver), x1, y1, x2, y2);
}
//画图片的前景干扰点
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
{
int x = random.Next(bitmap.Width);
int y = random.Next(bitmap.Height);
bitmap.SetPixel(x, y, Color.FromArgb(random.Next()));
}
g.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Color.Silver), 0, 0, bitmap.Width - 1, bitmap.Height - 1); //画图片的边框线
g.Dispose();
return bitmap;
}
/// <summary>
/// 验证码图片 => byte[]
/// </summary>
/// <param name="verifyCode">验证码</param>
/// <param name="width">宽</param>
/// <param name="height">高</param>
/// <returns>byte[]</returns>
public byte[] CreateByteByImgVerifyCode(string verifyCode, int width, int height)
{
Font font = new Font("Arial", 14, (FontStyle.Bold | FontStyle.Italic));
Brush brush;
Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(width, height);
Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bitmap);
SizeF totalSizeF = g.MeasureString(verifyCode, font);
SizeF curCharSizeF;
PointF startPointF = new PointF(0, (height - totalSizeF.Height) / 2);
Random random = new Random(); //随机数产生器
g.Clear(Color.White); //清空图片背景色
for (int i = 0; i < verifyCode.Length; i++)
{
brush = new LinearGradientBrush(new Point(0, 0), new Point(1, 1), Color.FromArgb(random.Next(255), random.Next(255), random.Next(255)), Color.FromArgb(random.Next(255), random.Next(255), random.Next(255)));
g.DrawString(verifyCode[i].ToString(), font, brush, startPointF);
curCharSizeF = g.MeasureString(verifyCode[i].ToString(), font);
startPointF.X += curCharSizeF.Width;
}
//画图片的干扰线
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
int x1 = random.Next(bitmap.Width);
int x2 = random.Next(bitmap.Width);
int y1 = random.Next(bitmap.Height);
int y2 = random.Next(bitmap.Height);
g.DrawLine(new Pen(Color.Silver), x1, y1, x2, y2);
}
//画图片的前景干扰点
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
{
int x = random.Next(bitmap.Width);
int y = random.Next(bitmap.Height);
bitmap.SetPixel(x, y, Color.FromArgb(random.Next()));
}
g.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Color.Silver), 0, 0, bitmap.Width - 1, bitmap.Height - 1); //画图片的边框线
g.Dispose();
//保存图片数据
MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream();
bitmap.Save(stream, ImageFormat.Jpeg);
//输出图片流
return stream.ToArray();
}
#endregion
}
}
新建控制器：VerifyCodeController，
using System.DrawingCore.Imaging;
using System.IO;
using Common.Helper;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
namespace WebApplicationApi.Controllers
{
public class VerifyCodeController : Controller
{
public IActionResult Index()
{
return View();
}
/// <summary>
/// 数字验证码
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public FileContentResult NumberVerifyCode()
{
string code = VerifyCodeHelper.GetSingleObj().CreateVerifyCode(VerifyCodeHelper.VerifyCodeType.NumberVerifyCode);
byte[] codeImage = VerifyCodeHelper.GetSingleObj().CreateByteByImgVerifyCode(code, 100, 40);
return File(codeImage, @"image/jpeg");
}
/// <summary>
/// 字母验证码
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public FileContentResult AbcVerifyCode()
{
string code = VerifyCodeHelper.GetSingleObj().CreateVerifyCode(VerifyCodeHelper.VerifyCodeType.AbcVerifyCode);
var bitmap = VerifyCodeHelper.GetSingleObj().CreateBitmapByImgVerifyCode(code, 100, 40);
MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream();
bitmap.Save(stream, ImageFormat.Png);
return File(stream.ToArray(), "image/png");
}
/// <summary>
/// 混合验证码
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public FileContentResult MixVerifyCode()
{
string code = VerifyCodeHelper.GetSingleObj().CreateVerifyCode(VerifyCodeHelper.VerifyCodeType.MixVerifyCode);
var bitmap = VerifyCodeHelper.GetSingleObj().CreateBitmapByImgVerifyCode(code, 100, 40);
MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream();
bitmap.Save(stream, ImageFormat.Gif);
return File(stream.ToArray(), "image/gif");
}
}
}
添加页面index.cshtml，如下代码：
@{
Layout = null;
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" />
<title>Index</title>
</head>
<body>
<figure>
<h3>图片验证码</h3>
<fieldset>
<legend>数字验证码</legend>
<img id="nubImg" title="数字验证码" src="/UploadFiles/2021-04-02/NumberVerifyCode">
生成验证码如下所示：
总结
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