Python 里最强的地图绘制神器

folium.folium.Map(location=None, width='100%', height='100%', left='0%', top='0%', position='relative', tiles='OpenStreetMap', attr=None, min_zoom=0, max_zoom=18, zoom_start=10, min_lat=-90, max_lat=90, min_lon=-180, max_lon=180, max_bounds=False, crs='EPSG3857', control_scale=False, prefer_canvas=False, no_touch=False, disable_3d=False, png_enabled=False, zoom_control=True, **kwargs) 

import folium m = folium.Map(location=[39.917834, 116.397036], zoom_start=13, width='50%',height='50%', zoom_control='False', tiles='http://webrd02.is.autonavi.com/appmaptile"text-align: center">

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Folium.Icon类可以设置color, icon_color, icon, angle, prefix这5个参数：

  
color的可选项包括：[‘red', ‘blue', ‘green', ‘purple', ‘orange', ‘darkred', ‘lightred', ‘beige', ‘darkblue', ‘darkgreen', ‘cadetblue', ‘darkpurple', ‘white', ‘pink', ‘lightblue', ‘lightgreen', ‘gray', ‘black', ‘lightgray'] ，或者HTML颜色代码
  
icon_color同上
  
icon可以在Font-Awesome网站中找到对应的名字，并设置prefix参数为'fa'
  
angle以度为单位设置

其他：


m.add_child(folium.LatLngPopup()) #显示鼠标点击点经纬度 m.add_child(folium.ClickForMarker(popup='Waypoint')) # 将鼠标点击点添加到地图上 


添加圆


folium.Circle( radius=300, location=[39.928614,116.391746], popup='北海公园', color='crimson', fill=False, ).add_to(m) folium.CircleMarker( location=[39.942143,116.382590], radius=50, popup='后海公园', color='#3186cc', fill=True, fill_color='#3186cc' ).add_to(m) 



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Circle和CircleMarker的不同：CircleMarker的radius一个单位是像素，Circle的一个单位时米
添加线段


folium.PolyLine([ [39.917834,116.397036], [39.928614,116.391746], [39.937282,116.403187], [39.942143,116.382590] ],color='red').add_to(m) 




添加多边形


folium.Marker([39.917834,116.397036], popup='故宫').add_to(m) folium.Marker([39.928614,116.391746], popup='北海公园').add_to(m) folium.Marker([39.937282,116.403187], popup='南锣鼓巷').add_to(m) folium.Marker([39.942143,116.382590], popup='后海公园').add_to(m) folium.Polygon([ [39.917834,116.397036], [39.928614,116.391746], [39.942143,116.382590], [39.937282,116.403187], ],color='blue', weight=2, fill=True, fill_color='blue', fill_opacity=0.3).add_to(m) 




Folium的其他高级应用
在地图上显示前200条犯罪数据


import folium import pandas as pd san_map = folium.Map(location=[37.77, -122.42], zoom_start=12,width='50%',height='50%') # cdata = pd.read_csv('https://cocl.us/sanfran_crime_dataset') cdata = pd.read_csv('Police_Department_Incidents_-_Previous_Year__2016_.csv') #犯罪数据，包含犯罪所在经纬度 # get the first 200 crimes in the cdata limit = 200 data = cdata.iloc[0:limit, :] # Instantiate a feature group for the incidents in the dataframe incidents = folium.map.FeatureGroup() # Loop through the 200 crimes and add each to the incidents feature group for lat, lng, in zip(cdata.Y, data.X): incidents.add_child( folium.CircleMarker( [lat, lng], radius=7, # define how big you want the circle markers to be color='yellow', fill=True, fill_color='red', fill_opacity=0.4 ) ) san_map.add_child(incidents) 





统计区域犯罪总数


from folium import plugins # let's start again with a clean copy of the map of San Francisco san_map = folium.Map(location=[37.77, -122.42], zoom_start=12,width='50%',height='50%') # instantiate a mark cluster object for the incidents in the dataframe incidents = plugins.MarkerCluster().add_to(san_map) # loop through the dataframe and add each data point to the mark cluster for lat, lng, label, in zip(data.Y, data.X, cdata.Category): folium.Marker( location=[lat, lng], icon=None, popup=label, ).add_to(incidents) # add incidents to map san_map.add_child(incidents) 




以热力图的方式呈现



from folium.plugins import HeatMap san_map = folium.Map(location=[37.77, -122.42], zoom_start=12,width='50%',height='50%') # Convert data format heatdata = data[['Y','X']].values.tolist() # add incidents to map HeatMap(heatdata).add_to(san_map) san_map 



在地图上呈现GeoJSON边界数据



import json import requests # url = 'https://cocl.us/sanfran_geojson' url = 'san-francisco.geojson' san_geo = f'{url}' san_map = folium.Map(location=[37.77, -122.42], zoom_start=12,width='50%',height='50%') folium.GeoJson( san_geo, style_function=lambda feature: { 'fillColor': '#ffff00', 'color': 'blue', 'weight': 2, 'dashArray': '5, 5' } ).add_to(san_map) san_map 



在GeoJSON上绘制Choropleth分级着色图



# Count crime numbers in each neighborhood disdata = pd.DataFrame(cdata['PdDistrict'].value_counts()) disdata.reset_index(inplace=True) disdata.rename(columns={'index':'Neighborhood','PdDistrict':'Count'},inplace=True) san_map = folium.Map(location=[37.77, -122.42], zoom_start=12,width='50%',height='50%') folium.Choropleth( geo_data=san_geo, data=disdata, columns=['Neighborhood','Count'], key_on='feature.properties.DISTRICT', #fill_color='red', fill_color='YlOrRd', fill_opacity=0.7, line_opacity=0.2, highlight=True, legend_name='Crime Counts in San Francisco' ).add_to(san_map) san_map 




3. 各地图提供商瓦片服务地图规则 高德地图
目前高德的瓦片地址有如下两种：

  
http://wprd0{1-4}.is.autonavi.com/appmaptile"text-align: center">

目前百度的瓦片编号比较特殊，Folium暂不支持。
其他参考资料：

  
https://github.com/geometalab/pyGeoTile
  
https://github.com/anzhihun/OpenLayers3Primer/blob/master/ch05/05-03.md
  
http://www.winseliu.com/blog/2018/01/30/map-started-guide/
  
https://github.com/CntChen/tile-lnglat-transform

腾讯地图
腾讯地图的瓦片地图URL格式：

  
http://rt1.map.gtimg.com/realtimerender"text-align: center">

其他底图


  
{0,1,2,3}代表了url的subDomain,在请求时会随机的在url中使用mt0、mt1、mt2、mt3。{z}代表zoom，即缩放级别，{x}代表列号，{y}代表行号。
  
GeoQ 官网有公开的多个基于 ArcGIS 的地图服务,均可使用,详见

https://map.geoq.cn/arcgis/rest/services