postgresql 赋权语句 grant的正确使用说明

(编辑：jimmy 日期: 2024/11/25 浏览：3 次 )

grant select on all tables in schema public to username;

此句是有效的复制语句

PG中有schema的概念，

以下的语句就是不行

网上得来终觉浅，错误比较多，还是要自己试试才行。

补充：postgresql关于访问视图需要的权限

某个用户访问一个视图，这个用户需要具备这个视图的schema的usage和这个视图本身的select权限，如果视图的基表来自其他schema，可能还需要其他schema的usage权限(根据postgresql改造的redshift发现了此问题)，但是这个用户不需要视图对应基表的select权限

如果基表被修改了或重建了，需要把基表重新赋权给视图的owner，否则视图无法生效，但是不需要把基表授权给需要访问视图的用户，比如视图view1的owner是viewowner，一个用户user1有访问view1的权限，一旦view1的基本table1被重建了，需要把基表table1的权限重新赋给viewowner，但是不需要把table1的权限重新赋给uers1

案例1：

用户u2访问s2.view1,用户u2只需要s2的usage权限和s2.view1的select权限，而不需要s2.view1基表s1.table1的select权限和对应schema s1的usage权限

t1=# \c
You are now connected to database “t1” as user “postgres”
t1=# \dns
List of schemas
Name | Owner
--------±---------
public | postgres
s1 | postgres
s2 | postgres
(3 rows)
t1=# create user u1 password ‘123456';
CREATE ROLE
t1=# create user u2 password ‘123456';
CREATE ROLE
t1=# grant all privileges on schema s1 to u1;
GRANT
t1=# grant all privileges on schema s2 to u1;
GRANT
t1=# \c - u1
You are now connected to database “t1” as user “u1”.
t1=> create table s1.table1(hid int);
CREATE TABLE
t1=> create view s2.view1 as select * from s1.table1;
CREATE VIEW
t1=> \c - u2
You are now connected to database “t1” as user “u2”.
t1=> select * from s2.view1;
ERROR: permission denied for schema s2
LINE 1: select * from s2.view1;
t1=> \c - postgres
You are now connected to database “t1” as user “postgres”.
t1=# grant usage on schema s2 to u2;
GRANT
t1=# \c - u2
You are now connected to database “t1” as user “u2”.
t1=> select * from s2.view1;
ERROR: permission denied for view view1
t1=> \c - postgres
You are now connected to database “t1” as user “postgres”.
t1=# grant select on s2.view1 to u2;
t1=# \c - u2
You are now connected to database “t1” as user “u2”.
t1=> select * from s2.view1;
hid
(0 rows)

案例2：

redshift数据库，用户lukes访问cl_crm.v_account,用户lukes不仅需要cl_crm的usage权限和cl_crm.v_account的select权限，还需要cl_crm.v_account基表对应schema的usage权限，但是不需要基表raw_wam.ibdwsurvey、raw_c3.ibdwsurveyinfo的select权限

创建用户lukes,并授权用户拥有视图cl_crm.v_account对应schema的usage权限

create user lukes password ‘X123_x123'
grant usage on schema cl_crm to lukes

lukes用户查询cl_crm.v_account视图报错

select * from cl_crm.v_account limit 1
Amazon Invalid operation: permission denied for schema raw_wam;
1 statement failed.

对用户lukes授权usage在视图基表对应的schema上

grant usage on schema raw_wam to lukes
grant usage on schema raw_c3 to lukes

lukes用户查询cl_crm.v_account视图继续报错

Amazon Invalid operation: permission denied for relation v_account;

对用户lukes授权访问视图的select权限

grant select on table cl_crm.v_account to lukes

lukes用户查询cl_crm.v_account正常了

cl_crm.v_account视图语句是

CREATE or replace view cl_crm.v_account as with userids as (
select distinct su.ibsu_userid from raw_wam.ibdwsurvey su
left join raw_c3.ibdwsurveyinfo si …)

以上为个人经验，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持。如有错误或未考虑完全的地方，望不吝赐教。

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